### Classification by Electrolyte Type
Including: - **Alkaline batteries**: Batteries whose electrolyte is mainly an aqueous potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution, such as alkaline zinc-manganese batteries (commonly known as alkaline manganese batteries or alkaline batteries), nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries, etc.; - **Acid batteries**: Batteries using an aqueous solution of ... as the medium, such as lead-acid batteries; - **Neutral batteries**: Batteries using a salt solution as the medium, such as zinc-manganese dry cells (sometimes referred to as acid batteries by consumers), seawater-activated batteries, etc.; - **Organic electrolyte batteries**: Batteries mainly using organic solutions as the medium, such as lithium batteries, lithium-ion batteries, etc. ### Classification by Operating Principle and Storage Method Including: - **Primary batteries** (also known as primary cells): Non-rechargeable batteries, such as zinc-manganese dry cells, primary lithium batteries, etc.; - **Secondary batteries**: Rechargeable batteries, such as nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries, lithium-ion batteries, nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, etc.; - *Lead-acid batteries*: Traditionally referred to as storage batteries, also belonging to secondary batteries; - **Fuel cells**: Batteries where active materials are continuously supplied from external sources during operation, such as hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells, etc.; - **Reserve batteries**: Batteries where the electrolyte is not in direct contact with electrodes during storage and is only added when in use, such as magnesium-silver chloride batteries (also known as seawater-activated batteries), etc. ### Classification by Cathode and Anode Materials Including: - Zinc-based batteries, such as zinc-manganese batteries, zinc-silver batteries, etc.; - Nickel-based batteries, such as nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries, etc.; - Lead-based batteries, such as lead-acid batteries, etc.; - Lithium-based batteries, lithium-magnesium batteries; - Manganese dioxide-based batteries, such as zinc-manganese batteries, alkaline manganese batteries, etc.; - Air (oxygen)-based batteries, such as zinc-air batteries, etc. ---